Study/Canadian Symbols
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Canadian Symbols

Discover the symbols that represent Canada — from the maple leaf flag to O Canada.

⏱ 7 min read

Canada has many symbols that represent its identity, values, and history. These symbols unite Canadians from coast to coast to coast.

The Canadian Flag

The red and white maple leaf flag was adopted on February 15, 1965, replacing the Canadian Red Ensign. The red represents England; the white represents France. The maple leaf has been used as a Canadian symbol since the 1700s.

National Flag Day
February 15 — the day the maple leaf flag was adopted in 1965.

O Canada — The National Anthem

O Canada was originally composed in 1880 by Calixa Lavallée with French lyrics by Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. An English version was written in 1908 by Robert Stanley Weir. It was officially proclaimed Canada's national anthem on July 1, 1980.

"O Canada! Our home and native land! True patriot love in all of us command. With glowing hearts we see thee rise, The True North strong and free!"

— O Canada — National Anthem of Canada

The Canadian national anthem performed at a ceremony

The Canadian Coat of Arms

The Canadian coat of arms was granted by royal proclamation of King George V in 1921. It incorporates the arms of England, Scotland, Ireland, and France, along with three maple leaves — representing Canada itself.

National Symbols

  • •Maple leaf 🍁 — Canada's most recognized symbol, appearing on the flag and coins.
  • •Beaver 🦫 — official symbol of Canada's sovereignty; appears on the nickel.
  • •Common Loon — Canada's national bird; appears on the one-dollar 'loonie' coin.
  • •Canadian horse — recognized as a symbol of Canada.
  • •Tartan — the official National Tartan of Canada.

The Fleur-de-lys and the Union Jack

The fleur-de-lys represents Canada's French heritage, and the Union Jack represents its British heritage. Both appear in provincial flags and in the Canadian coat of arms.

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Interesting Fact
Canada's national colours are red and white — officially declared by King George V in 1921 as part of the coat of arms proclamation.

🍁 Key Points to Remember

  • •The red and white maple leaf flag was adopted on February 15, 1965.
  • •The national anthem 'O Canada' was proclaimed in 1980.
  • •The beaver is an official symbol of Canada's sovereignty.
  • •The Canadian coat of arms was granted by King George V in 1921.
  • •The fleur-de-lys and the Union Jack represent Canada's French and British heritage.
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